![]() ![]() ![]() The presence of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 virus in a patient sample can potentially impact test performance. Due to this, public health authorities have designated some variants of SARS-CoV-2 as Variants Being Monitored, Variants of Interest, or Variants of Concern. For example, some may spread more easily or show signs of resistance to existing treatment options and some may have no impact when compared with previous and currently circulating virus. Variants of SARS-CoV-2 can have different characteristics. For example, the omicron variant includes the BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, and BA.5 lineages, as well as others. Several related PANGO lineages may be included in a single WHO named variant. The World Health Organization (WHO) assigns names to key SARS-CoV-2 variants using the Greek alphabet, such as delta and omicron. PANGO lineage names use a series of unique letter and number combinations, for example BA.2 and BA.2.12.1. SARS-CoV-2 genetic sequences are identified and named using the Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak (PANGO) nomenclature referred to as the PANGO lineage. As the virus circulates and spreads, it accumulates mutations that are used to name new virus sequences so that researchers, health care providers, and public health authorities have a common language to describe genetic sequence mutations. Genetic Variations: Background and ConsiderationsĪ mutation (also referred to as viral mutation or genetic mutation) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is a change in the genetic sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus when compared with a reference sequence such as Wuhan-Hu1 (the first genetic sequence identified) or USA-WA1/2020 (the first identified in the United States).
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